Allergies can be caused due to numerous reasons. Each individual will react differently to different objects. The person’s immunity plays a crucial role in these cases. Foods, pollen, dust, animals’ fur and insects are just a handful of foreign objects that can trigger an allergy. It is estimated that nearly fifty million people in the US suffer from allergic reactions. In some cases, if the symptoms are not treated immediately, the person could develop life-threatening complications and even die.

It is not necessary for everyone to develop the same type of allergic reactions to a particular object. This is because each individual’s immune system is different from that of the other. Therefore, the tolerance levels also vary from one individual to the other.

The substance that triggers an allergic reaction is known as an allergen. In most cases, the body recognizes these allergens as foreign substances and therefore tries to develop immunity by fighting off these substances and expelling them forever. The body produces a large number of immunoglobulin E, or IgE. These immune cells or antibodies in turn stimulate the mast cells and basophils to release histamine, which kills the allergen. During antigen-antibody reactions, the body ends up producing numerous allergic reactions signaling the body’s rejection of the particular foreign substance.

The allergic reaction may be mild like rashes, runny nose, itching of skin, etc. Moderate reactions include difficulty in breathing due to congestion of lungs and severe itching of the skin. Gastrointestinal abnormalities are also observed. In severe allergic reactions, the person might experience breathlessness, diarrhea and vomiting. Anaphylaxis can lead to difficulty in breathing, decreases oxygen circulation and may cause death if not treated immediately.

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