Several studies have been conducted to investigate the underlying causes of anxiety and depression. These problems are undoubtedly related to the brain but the precise reasoning is yet unknown.

Researchers suggest the involvement of neurotransmitters that allow communication between neurons. Imbalance in these neurotransmitters is considered to be one of the reasons of depression and anxiety. For instance, one may experience imbalance of the neurotransmitter serotonin if the chemical instead of being transmitted from one cell to the other gets reabsorbed by the first nerve cell itself. Such a chemical imbalance leads to the development of depression and anxiety.

One of the standard forms of treatment is clubbing psychotherapy or talk therapy called cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) with intake of antidepressant medications. Administration of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors or SSRIs aid in preventing the re-absorption process and restoring chemical balance in the brain. Other alternative forms of medication are the serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) venlafaxine (Effexor), tricyclic antidepressants and benzodiazepines. Apart from these medicines and therapy, a nutritious diet and regular exercising is also recommended.

If you have ever been at close quarters with a patient of depression, you would realize that the treatment of this medical condition is long term. The treatment may go on for a very long duration or even for the entire lifetime. Anxiety and depression are generally persistent and recurring ailments and need consistent medical aid. While in some cases, the treatment may be long term as the medication may take time to reap results; in certain patients medication may be continued to avoid conditions of recurrence.

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