A fracture or a bone fracture, as called in medical terminology means a broken bone in general terms. Fractures are the resultant of the heavy physical force’s exertion on the bone, with former being stronger. Although there are several kinds of fractures, it can be mainly classified as displaced, non-displaced, closed and open.

In case of a displaced fracture, the bone tends to break into 2 or more pieces. In the case when bone gets broken into many pieces, is taken as comminuted. In the case of a non-displaced fracture, although the bone cracks partly or sometimes all the way, it still retains its alignment. A closed fracture is so called when a bone breaks without any puncture or an open wound on the skin surface. In an open fracture, the bone tends to break out, tearing off the skin, although it may go back inside the wound, without being visible outside. The main difference between an open and closed type of fracture is the risk of infection in the former.

Fractures can be further classified as:

• Greenstick fracture – Most common in children, it is an incomplete fracture wherein the bone gets bent.
• Transverse fracture – is the one in which the fracture is at the right to the axis of the bone.
• Oblique fracture – has a pattern of curves or slopes.
• Comminuted fracture – the bone breaks into many pieces in this type.
• Impacted/ Buckle fracture – In this type of fracture, a bone’s ends are driven into one another. This type is mostly seen in fractures of the arm in children, and it is occasionally also referred as buckle fracture.

Pathological fracture due to a disease that makes the bones weak, stress fracture and hairline crack is some other type of fractures.

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