There are always harmful bacteria all around us just waiting for the optimum conditions to multiply and cause an infection. One bacterium that has the potential to cause a kind of food poisoning is salmonella. It is not possible to get rid of naturally occurring salmonella. However, steps can be taken to prevent foodstuff from getting contaminated by the bacterium, and thereby prevent onset of salmonellosis. (See Reference 1)

This bacterium is present in the intestinal tract of humans and animals and is eliminated from the body through the feces. If proper hygiene methods and practices are not adopted, the bacteria can infect food items. (See Reference 1) When these contaminated foods are consumed, the bacteria enter the body, multiply and lead to salmonellosis.

Due attention should be given to proper handling and storage of food. If the temperature and humidity is ideal, salmonella will begin to thrive and increase in number. So, steps must be taken to inhibit the growth of the bacteria. Meat provides an ideal environment for the bacteria to flourish and hence, it should be stored in a separate container away from fruits, cooked food and vegetables to prevent cross contamination. (See Reference 1)

When defrosting frozen meats, they should be thawed in a container of water in the refrigerator. Alternatively, they can be thawed in the microwave. Frozen foods and meats should never be defrosted and thawed at room temperature as it will facilitate the growth of bacteria. (See Reference 1)

Before preparing any food item, washing hands with soap is mandatory. If you are having diarrhea, it is best to stay away from the kitchen. Also, ensure that fruits and vegetables are washed well under running tap water to remove surface dirt and bacteria. (See Reference 1) Pay special attention to washing dishes, utensils, cutting boards, knives and surfaces that come in contact with raw foods, especially meats and poultry.

When cooking food, ensure that all items are thoroughly cooked. Invest in a food thermometer to check the internal temperature of meats and poultry. Once the required internal temperature is reached, it means that the meat or poultry is cooked well. Cooking kills the salmonella bacteria and prevents salmonellosis. Stay away from food items that make use of raw eggs as one of the ingredients. (See Reference 1) Always consume pasteurized milk as raw milk can be a source of the bacteria.

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